Dogs have been selectively bred for thousands of years, sometimes byinbreeding dogs from the same ancestral lines, sometimes by mixing dogs from very different lines.[1] The process continues today, resulting in a wide variety of breeds, crossbreeds,hybrids, and types of dogs. As such, dogs are the only animal with such a wide variation in appearance withoutspeciation, "from the Chihuahua to the Great Dane."[2]
The following list uses a wide interpretation of "breed." Breeds are usually categorized by the functional type from which the breed was developed. The basic types arecompanion dogs, guard dogs, hunting dogs, herding dogs, and working dogs, although there are many other types and subtypes. Breeds listed here may be traditional breeds with long histories as registered breeds, rare breeds with their own registries, or new breeds that may still be under development.
In some cases, a breed's origin overlaps the boundaries of two or more countries; the dog is normally listed only in the country with which it is most commonly associated; for example, by its designated country according to theFédération Cynologique Internationale(FCI). Some dogs, such as the Löwchen, have an uncertain origin and are listed under several countries.
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